When to Plant in Springfield, IL

In Springfield, the growing season is defined by a median last spring frost date of April 14 and a first fall frost date of October 13, allowing for approximately 182 frost-free days. This climate provides ample opportunity for gardeners to grow a wide variety of crops throughout the seasons, enhancing both the diversity and productivity of home gardens in the area.

With a humid continental climate characterized by four distinct seasons, Springfield is perfect for growing a range of crops that thrive in these conditions. Crops such as sweet corn, tomatoes, and green beans flourish due to the warm summer temperatures and adequate precipitation. However, plants like cucumbers and tender herbs may struggle due to the possibility of late spring frosts and the intensity of summer heat, which can hinder their growth.

What to plant now in Springfield

Spring: Start sowing cool-season crops like peas and spinach from late March to mid-April. These crops can endure the cooler temperatures leading up to the last frost date of April 14.
Summer: From mid-May to early June, plant warm-season crops such as tomatoes, peppers, and zucchini. Ensure that all frost threats have passed by mid-April for a successful harvest.
Fall: In late July through August, consider planting fall crops such as kale and Brussels sprouts. These can mature before the first frost of October 13, offering delicious produce into the cooler months.
Winter: While not much planting occurs, late winter is a great time to plan for spring. Start seeds indoors for early crops like lettuce and onions by mid-February to get a head start in your garden.

In Springfield (182 frost-free days, a long season), 30 of 56 planner crops fit outright, 25 get two plantings, 1 crop is perennial.

Month by month in Springfield

Month	What to do
January	January is primarily a month for planning and dreaming about your garden. Reflect on what worked well last season and outline new projects for the coming year.
February	In February, it's wise to start your seedlings indoors, especially for crops like tomatoes and peppers. This prepares you for a successful planting season as frost risks diminish.
March	March is a transitional month. Begin hardening off your seedlings outdoors by late March to get them acclimated before the last expected frost on April 14.
April	With the last frost date of April 14 approaching, complete planting cool-season crops by early April. Be vigilant for colder nights when planning outdoor gardening activities.
May	In May, after the last frost has passed, plant your warm-season crops. Aim for mid-month to start tomatoes, peppers, and squash to maximize growth in the warm weather.
June	June brings the height of the gardening season. Ensure frequent watering and monitor for pests. This is the time to harvest early crops like radishes and lettuce.
July	As temperatures peak in July, provide adequate water and care for your plants. It’s also a great time to think about planting fall crops that will thrive in cooler weather.
August	August is crucial for the transition to fall gardening. Start planting fall vegetables, such as broccoli and kale, to ensure they mature before the first frost on October 13.
September	September allows for harvesting summer crops and planting winter varieties. Be sure to prep the soil for over-wintering crops to sustain your garden through the colder months.
October	As frost dates approach, particularly on October 13, harvest remaining crops and prepare your garden for winter. Protect perennials and consider mulching for insulation.
November	November is a time for cleaning up the garden and planning for spring. Remove spent plants and consider applying compost to enrich the soil for next year's growth.
December	During December, gardening activities are minimal. Utilize this time for research and planning the upcoming plantings. Make a list of seeds to purchase for the new year.

Frost dates for Springfield ZIP codes

ZIP	Last spring frost (50%)	First fall frost (50%)	Zone
62704	April 14	October 13	6a
62702	April 14	October 13	6a
62703	April 14	October 13	6a

FAQ

When is the last frost in Springfield?

The last frost typically occurs around April 14, marking the end of winter's chill and the beginning of the planting season.

What vegetables grow best in Springfield?

Vegetables like sweet corn, tomatoes, and green beans thrive best in Springfield's climate, thanks to the combination of warm temperatures and favorable growing conditions.

When should I plant tomatoes in Springfield?

You should plant tomatoes in Springfield after the last frost date, around mid-May, to ensure they grow successfully without frost damage.

Can I garden year-round in Springfield?

While Springfield experiences a humid continental climate, allowing for four distinct seasons, gardening is mostly limited to the frost-free months between April and October.

How does Plan My Garden help Springfield gardeners?

Plan My Garden provides tailored advice and resources, helping Springfield gardeners navigate their specific climatic conditions and maximize their planting success.